An increasing number of Indian technology professionals are returning home from the United States amid concerns about immigration policies, employment uncertainty and delays in employer-sponsored permanent residency applications.

Data compiled by workforce research firm Xpheno indicate that approximately 12,700 Indian technology professionals had returned to India from the United States by September 2026. If the trend continues, departures could surpass the 15,100 recorded during the previous year.

The figures suggest a steady increase in return migration. Around 7,200 Indian technology workers returned from the United States in 2023, followed by approximately 9,800 in 2024. The latest numbers indicate that more professionals are considering India as an alternative to continuing their careers in the American technology sector.

Visa uncertainty and layoffs influence decisions

Uncertainty surrounding United States immigration policies under President Donald Trump has become a concern for foreign technology workers. At the same time, layoffs and instability across the global technology industry have prompted some professionals to reconsider their long-term career plans.

For Indian employees dependent on employer sponsorship, changes affecting work visas and employment-based immigration can create additional uncertainty about their ability to remain in the United States and eventually obtain permanent residency.

Returning to India brings its own challenges

Relocating to India after years in the United States does not always guarantee an easy transition. Abhinarayan Mishra, who discussed the issue on LinkedIn, noted that Indian employers are increasingly seeking specialised capabilities in areas such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, cybersecurity and product leadership.

Consequently, international work experience alone may not be sufficient for professionals seeking senior positions in India’s competitive technology market.

Returning families may also need to navigate tax obligations in both countries, while children face adjustments to India’s education system, social environment and lifestyle.

Green card processing delays add to concerns

Another development affecting some foreign professionals is the reported suspension of PERM labour certification processing for several major technology companies, including Microsoft, Adobe, Infosys, Cognizant, Capgemini, Wipro, HCL Technologies and Tata.

PERM is an important stage in many employer-sponsored green card applications. It generally requires employers to demonstrate that hiring a foreign worker will not adversely affect qualified American workers’ wages and working conditions.

Immigration specialist Swatilina Barik has explained that the reported restrictions do not automatically cancel valid H-1B visas or previously approved green cards. Instead, the measures affect the filing or processing of PERM applications for the organisations concerned.

For Indian professionals pursuing permanent residency through their employers, delays could extend an already lengthy process. The precise consequences depend on individual immigration status and the stage reached in the application.

As immigration uncertainty and employment pressures continue, returning to India is becoming an option for some Indian technology workers. However, career opportunities, family needs, tax considerations and immigration circumstances will influence each individual’s decision.