By: Dr. Avi Verma

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is one of the most common nerve disorders affecting
millions globally. Often misunderstood, this condition causes pain, numbness, tingling,
and weakness in the hand and wrist, particularly in the thumb, index, and middle
fingers. While many associate CTS solely with repetitive computer use, recent research
has shown that the causes are far more varied and complex.

What Exactly is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway on the palm side of your wrist. It houses the
median nerve and nine flexor tendons responsible for bending your fingers. When the
tissues surrounding the flexor tendons swell, they can put pressure on the median
nerve, resulting in symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Even minor swelling in this small area can result in significant discomfort or impairment.
Factors like fluid retention, joint inflammation, or repetitive wrist movements can all play
a role in compressing the nerve.

What Causes It?

Though it’s widely believed that typing is the main cause of CTS, the condition is
influenced by multiple contributing factors, including:

 Pregnancy (due to fluid retention and hormonal changes)
 Obesity and metabolic conditions like diabetes
 Hypothyroidism
 Rheumatoid arthritis or joint inflammation
 Fractures or trauma to the wrist
 Genetic predisposition – a naturally smaller carpal tunnel in some individuals

Notably, even individuals who do not work at computers or in repetitive-hand jobs can
develop carpal tunnel syndrome, debunking older stereotypes.

What Are the Symptoms?

CTS often begins subtly, with symptoms like:

 Tingling or numbness in the fingers
 Pain or aching in the wrist and forearm
 A sensation that your fingers are “asleep”
 Waking at night needing to “shake out” the hand
 Loss of grip strength
 Muscle wasting at the base of the thumb (in advanced cases)

These symptoms tend to worsen over time, especially if left untreated.

Why Timely Treatment Matters

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is generally treatable, especially when diagnosed early.
However, delaying treatment can cause permanent nerve damage. Long-term
compression of the median nerve can result in irreversible muscle weakness, even if
surgery is performed later.

Management and Treatment Options

Conservative treatments are usually recommended first:

 Wrist Splints: Wearing a splint (especially at night) keeps the wrist in a neutral
position, helping reduce pressure on the nerve.
 Anti-inflammatory Medications: NSAIDs may reduce pain and inflammation.
 Activity Modification: Reducing repetitive strain or modifying wrist-intensive tasks.
 Ergonomic Adjustments: Proper keyboard and mouse placement, correct
posture, and wrist support are essential for prevention and recovery.
 Weight Management: Reducing excess weight can relieve pressure on the wrist
structures.
 Hand Therapy: Occupational therapists can help with pain control, range-of-
motion exercises, and strengthening regimens to stabilize the wrist.

If conservative methods do not offer relief, minimally invasive surgical procedures are
available, such as endoscopic carpal tunnel release. These procedures often have fast
recovery times and excellent outcomes, especially when performed early.

Final Thoughts

The most important message when it comes to carpal tunnel syndrome is this: Don’t
wait. Early detection and intervention are key to preventing permanent nerve and
muscle damage. If you or a loved one experience symptoms, consult a licensed medical
professional promptly.

Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and is not intended as a
substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the
guidance of your physician or a qualified health provider with any questions you may
have regarding a medical condition.