At least 11 people have died and 567 have been arrested as anti-government protests erupted across Kenya on Monday, coinciding with the 35th Saba Saba anniversary. The National Police Service (NPS) also reported injuries to dozens, including 52 police officers and 11 civilians, as violence engulfed major towns and cities.

The Saba Saba day protests commemorate the historic July 7, 1990, demonstrations that led to Kenya’s transition to multiparty democracy. Monday’s protests saw widespread unrest, property damage, looting, and clashes between demonstrators and police. Among those detained was Gitonga Mukunji, Member of Parliament for Manyatta Constituency.

“Regrettably, preliminary reports indicate fatalities, injuries, damage to motor vehicles, and several incidents of looting,” said the NPS in a statement, while also commending officers for showing “exceptional restraint” despite facing provocation and violence.

The Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) raised serious concerns over police conduct during the protests. The commission criticized the use of roadblocks that paralyzed movement in several counties including Nairobi, Kiambu, Meru, and Nakuru. Many citizens were unable to reach workplaces despite government directives.

KNCHR further accused police of violating a High Court order requiring officers to be in official, identifiable uniforms while handling demonstrations. Reports indicated many operated in plainclothes, traveling in unmarked vehicles.

Disturbingly, the commission also noted the presence of armed criminal gangs allegedly operating alongside law enforcement. These masked groups, armed with crude weapons, were spotted in Nairobi, Eldoret, and other regions.

The violence marks a troubling escalation in Kenya’s political crisis as citizens voice frustration over economic and governance issues.